CAPITALISM, SOCIALISM, FASCISM AND FREEDOM: Capitalism in America: The History” by Alan Greenspan and Adrian Wooldridge by WEAH HELEN

Author:WEAH , HELEN
Language: eng
Format: epub
Published: 2023-02-13T00:00:00+00:00

CHAPTER FIVE

FASCIST AS A PEOPLE-PLEADING

Regarding various movements on the far right of the political spectrum, the term "fascist" has been used pejoratively.

Even though fascism is "a political and economic system" that is difficult to define, George Orwell observed in 1944 that the term had been used to disparage various positions "in internal politics": "almost any English person would accept 'bully' as a synonym for 'Fascist,'" he said. He said in 1946 that "'Fascism' has no significance now other than to denote anything undesirable."

Communist nations have occasionally been called fascist, usually in jest, despite the history of anti-communism among fascist movements.

Ho Chi Minh's Vietnam and Fidel Castro's Cuba both had Marxist-Leninist governments, so it has been used in those countries. During the Sino-Soviet split, Chinese Marxists used the phrase to criticize the Soviet Union; the Soviets, in turn, used the phrase to criticize Chinese Marxists and social democracy, creating a new term for social fascism.

Should we now categorize Stalinist Russia in the same category as Hitlerite Germany? asked Herbert Matthews of The New York Times in 1946. Should we label her as a fascist? The former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, a fervent opponent of communism, wrote extensively about red fascism. In the 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan was occasionally referred to be fascist.

According to historian Peter Amann, although the Klan shared some characteristics with European fascism—chauvinism, racism, a mystique of violence, and an affirmation of a particular kind of archaic traditionalism—their differences were fundamental. [The KKK] never envisioned a change in the political or economic system.

Fascism is the "most misunderstood and overused word of our times," according to Richard Griffiths of the University of Wales in a 2005 essay.

It is occasionally used to refer to groups and styles of thought from the post-World War II era that scholars more typically refer to as neo-fascist.

HISTORIA DE LA FASCIA

FIN DE SECRETÉ ERA AND MAURRASISM-SORELIANISM FUSION (1880–1914)

The ideological foundations of fascism can be found in the 1880s, specifically in the fin de siècle movement that dominated the era, according to historian Zeev Sternhell.

A struggle against materialism, rationalism, positivism, bourgeois society, and democracy served as the topic of the play.

The generation of the fin-de-siècle favored subjectivism, vitalism, emotionalism, and irrationalism. They believed that civilization was in trouble and needed a massive, all-encompassing fix.

Their intellectual school held that the individual was merely a component of a larger collectivity and shouldn't be reduced to a mere sum of atomized individuals. They decried the breakdown of social ties in bourgeois society as well as the liberal individualism that is rationalistic in society.

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